Territory



(No Model.)

J. G. K. HOWARD.

CARPENTERS SQUARE.

No. 247,353. Patented Sept. 20,1881.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEREMIAH O. K. HOWARD, OF EDGERTON, MONTANA TERRITORY.

CARPENTERS SQUARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,353, dated September 20, 1881.

Application filed August 16, 1880.

To all lwhom @t may concern:

Be it known that I, JEREMIAH G. K. HOW- ARD, of Edgerton, in the county of Beaver Head and Territory of Montana, have invented a new and Improved Garpenters Square, of which the following is a specification.

Theinventiou consists ofa carpenters square containing a table for determining the length of rafters for pitches and spans of roofs, and a rule finding the length of rafters for spans of one-fourth, one-third, or one-half pitch.

Figure 1 is an elevation of one face of the square. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the reverse thereof to show the board and brace tables which I preferably employ in connection with my square. Fig. 3 is an elevation representing the application of the square to a rafter for determining the bevels for a span of onef'ourth pitch. Fig. 4 is an elevation representing a brace applied to a post and sill.

Similar let-ters of' reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention will now be described in connection with a carpenters square, on which I preferably use it.

One side of the square A is designed for framers tables, as shown at a on the angle thereof. Below this, at b, on the long arm of the square, is given the formula or explanation of the said tables. Below this formula, at l), the long arm ofthe square is marked off'in four longitudinal columns, c l f g, respectively, and these columns are intersected at right angles with inch graduationflines h, as shown,whereby a series ofrectangular sections are formed. In the first of these sections the purposes, uses, or values of the figures in the columns c elfg Iare designated. Forinstance, span at the beginning of column c indicates that the figures in said column relate to thespan of the roof (No model.)

of a building. One-fourth pitch at the beginning of column l indicates that the figures in said column cl give the required lengths ot' rafters for given spans when said raft-ers are to be setatone-fourth pitch. One-third pitch 7 at the beginning of column j' indicates that the figures in said column fgivc the required lengths of rafters to he set at one-third pitch for given spans. The column g is for inchgraduations. On the same side of' the square A the short arm thereof has a graduated inchcolumn, t', a one-half pitch column, la, and a 'span-column, l, as shown, all divided into sections by the rectangularly-drawn inch-graduated lines, m.

The method of finding the required length of rafters for the various pitches and spans is as follows. For instance, find 40 in the column of gures marked span]7 trace the column marked onc-fourth pitch 7 to the poiutimmediately below the 40 span, and there is found the required length in feet, inches, and sixteenths of an inch of a rafter for a fortyfoot span and a one-fourth pitch. 'The same method is observed for finding other required lengths and pitches of rafters.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- A carpenters square having the columns of gures c dj'g and t' 7c l divided by inch-graduations and representing the various pitches and spans of roofs arrangedin such relation to each other as to indicate the length of rafters corresponding to each combination, as shown and described.

JEREMIAH C. REEF HOWARD.

Witnesses: Y

JAs. W. PORTER, A. HELMER. 

